Symbols or conventional signs used on a map are shown in the key at the bottom of the map. These symbols or conventional signs are needed because it is impossible to show many features correctly according to scale for they will be too small to be seen.
Symbols are helpful as they show what the land is like and what man makes use of it as well as the way man lives. However symbols or conventional signs are dependent on each and every map used meaning that a pupil must study the key of every map given
• It is used to show directions on a map. It can be a small drawing with arrows showing the cardinal points on a compass; north, south, west and east.
• Maps are usually drawn with north at the top of the map.
• A grid is a pattern of lines that cross each other, forming rows from side to side and columns from top to bottom.
• A grid system is used to describe the position of any given point within the grid pattern.
• The starting place for reading the grid reference is called the point of origin and it is important to take note of it.
A scale
• A map scale gives the relationship between distance on a map and distance on the actual ground.
Ratio scale (Representative fraction (R.F. scale)
Elevation is a characteristic of relief maps and topographic maps only.
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