This post explores the three key stages of the trade, connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas, and delves into the profound impact it had on millions of lives. Through understanding the outward passage, the middle passage, and the return passage, we confront the unimaginable suffering and resilience of those affected.
The triangular slave trade, a pivotal element of the global trade systems of the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries, involved three key stages across the Atlantic Ocean, connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
European traders sailed to Africa with ships full of goods, such as guns and gun powder, cloths, beads and glass ware
European traders exchanged their goods for African slaves at places such as the Gold coast (Ghana): Slave Coast (Senegal) and Grain Coast (Nigeria).
Slaved were shipped to the Americas (new world) to work in plantations
The profit made from selling the slaves were taken back to Europe where it could pay for more goods to trade in Africa again.
Abolition of slavery and triangular slave trade is the official end of slavery
1. The rise of humanitarians such as Christians and scholars who condemned slave trade on moral grounds
2. Influential abolitionists such e.g. William Wilberforce and Abraham Lincoln
3. High death rate of sailors in the English Navy
4. Success of slave revolts
5. The industrial revolution
6. Slaves had become less profitable
These campaigns led to the abolition of slavery and the slave trade
Emancipation proclamation (1863) and Thirteenth Amendment (1865): In January 1863 during the civil war president Abraham Lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation. This was an official statement that declared all enslaved people in the south free. The proclamation made slavery in the United States of America illegal.
This ensured that when the Northern states won the civil war it would end slavery in the south. In December 1865 (eight months after the end of the civil war), the Thirteenth Amendment was formerly adopted by the parliament of the USA. This amendment changed the Constitution of the USA to state that slavery would no longer exist within the United States.
Slavery was finally abolished because of:
Britain established Freetown in Sierra Leone to resettle freed slaves II. The Americans resettled free slaves in Liberia
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