The Population of Zambia is ever growing and predominantly young, which presents both challenges and opportunities for the country. Read this post and discover how Zambia is preparing for a future shaped by its youthful energy and what measures are being taken by the government and NGOs to foster sustainable growth and development.
Population can also be defined as the number of people living in a particular given area at a given time
Important concepts in the study of human population
It gives information to the local and central government so that:
• For good planning in order to provide facilities like hospitals, houses and citizens
• They can provide resources e.g. agriculture materials like fertilizer and seeds
• They can know whether the population is increasing or reducing because such is needed for future planning
• They can know unemployed so as to create jobs
• It is the number of babies born in every 1000 people of a population. Example; if 30 births occur, this means that 30/1000* 100 = 3%, and is considered to be high.
• Fertility rate refers to the reproductive performance of the population
• It is the number of people living in a square kilometer area. It is calculated by dividing the land area by the number of people living in the area.
e.g. Population density = Number of People in an area/Kilometers squared
Lusaka is the most densely populated area in Zambia followed by Copperbelt
It is the rate or percentage at which the population increases e.g. PGR = Birth Rate – Death Rate * 100
Factor leading to rapid growth in Population of Zambia:
• Early marriages.
• Lack of family planning.
• High fertility rate
• Poverty
• Improved nutrition
• Inadequate education
Migration is the movement of people from one is to another. This could be within the country (internal) or between countries (international).
• Migration into a country is called Immigration
• Migration out of a country is called emigration
• Internal migration is the movement from one area to another within a country’s boarder.
There are four types of internal migration
• Rural-urban
• Rural-rural
• Urban-rural
• Urban-urban
Rural-urban migration: this is the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas. The factors that cause this movement fall into two groups
i. Push factors force people out of rural areas.
ii. Pull factors attract people to urban areas.
• Lack of rainfall
• Witchcraft
• Hunger, poverty, drought,
• Lack of good schools and health facilities etc.
• Good medical facilities,
• Good transport,
• Good schools
• Urban blight etc.
• Overcrowding in urban areas
• Poor substandard of housing
• Inadequate municipal services that characterize life for many arrivals to urban centers.
Rural-rural migration: this is the movement from one rural area to another. Reason:
• maybe due floods or droughts or better opportunities
Urban-rural migration: this is the movement from urban area to rural Reasons:
• older Zambian may retire to their village
• It may be safer to live in rural areas where there is less crime
• City life may be stressful and people may want a slower, less stressful life
Urban-urban migration: movement from urban to another urban area Reasons:
• This may due to the transfer of the head of the household or resettlement
Zambia has one of the world’s worst HIV and AIDS epidemics. About 14% of Zambian adults have HIV. It is estimates that each day there are 225 new adults’ infections and 25 new child infections
The number of People with HIV is higher in urban areas (20%) that in rural areas (10%).
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